Carbon and its compounds class 10 notes Definition

Carbon: Carbon and its compounds are chemical element which is present in the periodic table. The carbon is represented by the symbol ‘C’ and this carbon has an atomic number of 6. Carbon and carbon compounds are common for all the creatures in the world. Carbon is present in the Plants and Animals Zoology Matter and Energy Organic Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry. Carbon occurs in all the organic life and this is the basics of organic chemistry. Carbon and its compounds are nonmetal. It has the interesting chemical possessions of being able to bond with itself and a wide variety of other elements. The carbon is bonding with the other compounds and forming nearly 10 million known carbon compounds.

Compounds of carbon - There is a huge number of separate carbon compounds that contain carbon atoms. Some sources suggest that carbon is having about ten million known carbon compounds. There is a chance that the number of carbon compounds will be greater.

Organic compounds: Every organic compound contains at least one atom of carbon. The total numbers of the carbon compounds that present in the organic compounds are a huge amount. In organic compounds the carbon is an essential atom.

Compound of ten triangular prisms: The carbon and its compounds are creating the uniform polyhedron compound. The carbon compounds are creating a chiral symmetric arrangement of 10 triangular prisms. Carbon and its compounds are aligned with the axes of three crease rotational symmetry of icosahedrons that is related polyhedral. This carbon compound can shares its vertex arrangement with three uniform polyhedral.

tri

Carbides: Carbides are also the compounds of the carbon. Carbides are the binary compounds of carbon. Carbides with an element that is less electronegative than it. As with any other ionic compound, this complex ion could in principle pair with a carbon atom. Carbon and its compounds are of a second type which can be ready from minerals such as oxygen, halogens and metal.

Symbol: Carbon is represented by C. The atomic number of carbon atom is 6 and the Atomic mass is 12. Carbon is the most common isotope. Electronic configuration of carbon is: 1s 2 ,2s 2, 2p. It has the 2 Position in the periodic table. Carbon is present in the Period II Group IV. Carbon occurs in the Free State as well as combined state. Carbon because of having 4 electrons in its outer-most shell forms most of the covalent compounds.

Preparation of Potassium Carbonate

In the carbon and its compounds group the Potassium Carbonate is measured as the chemical compound. It can play an important role in chemistry laboratories. Carbon and its compounds are usefulness apart from that there are some dangerous symptoms that can occur from this carbon compounds. When the carbon and its compounds come in contact with acids and participation in a fire can cause formation of carbon dioxide (one of the main carbon compound) which can lead to instant death and it is also irritating to the skin.

In carbon and its compound group potassium carbonate is having an important role. It prepared majorly by the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of the potassium chloride to form potassium hydroxide and hydrogen chloride as the side product, then potassium hydroxide is carbonated.

KCl(aq.) → KOH + HCl

Potassium Chloride Potassium hydroxide Hydrochloric acid

2KOH + CO₂ (g) → K₂CO₃ + H₂O

Potassium hydroxide Carbon dioxide Potassium Carbonate Water

Carbon and its compounds has number of uses, in this all carbon compounds, the potassium carbonate has used for the manufacturing of soft soaps and glasses, for washing wool, and in the production of other potassium compounds.

Most of the carbon compounds are generated from the combination of carbon and oxygen. The main carbon compounds that from by the reaction of carbon and oxygen is Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide occurs to the extent of about 0.03--0.05% in the atmosphere.

Preparation of carbon dioxide

It is prepared by burning carbon or carbon compounds in sufficient supply of oxygen.

It can be prepared by strong heating of metal carbonates and bicarbonates.

In the laboratory, carbon dioxide is prepared by treating marble chips with dilute hydrochloric acid.

co2

The carbon can form carbon compounds, because the carbon atom needs four electrons in order to complete its octet. Carbon and its compound generation are very easy. The main carbon and its compounds CH 4 , C 2 H 4 , CCl 4 , CO 2 , CHCl 3 etc. CH 4 one of the member in the carbon and its compounds group. In this carbon compound the outer-most electrons present in hydrogen (H) is 1. Carbon and its compounds have an additional property like it can create sp 3 hybrid orbital. The carbon and its carbon compounds have the sp 3 hybridization (Tetrahedral hybridization). In this type of carbon compounds hybridization four orbital’s (one 2s and three 2p) of the excited carbon atom hybridize to form four orbital’s of equivalent energy and same shape. Each orbital in the carbon and its compound groups, the orbital is called A compound. The carbon compound is a combination of two or more elements in a definite proportion. The ratio of elements in the carbon and its compounds always same. The carbon and its compounds can be rotten into its elements by some physical or chemical methods. Carbon is an element which is of huge significance to us in both its elemental form and in the carbon compounds form.

Question:

Which of the following statements is not applicable to cabon compounds?

1.	They have low melting and boiling points.
2.	They are ionic in nature.
3.	They form homologous series.
4.	They are generally soluble in organic solvents.

Answer: 2

Question 2

Question: Which of the following properties is not true regarding organic compounds.

1.	They are generally covalent compounds.
2.	Show isomerism.
3.	Compounds have high melting and boiling points.
4.	Generally insoluble in water.

Answer: 3

Question 3

Question: The property of catenation is more marked in case of _________.

1.	silicon
2.	hydrogen
3.	oxygen
4.	carbon

Answer: 4

Question 4

Question: The open chain aliphatic hydrocarbon with molecular formula C₉H₁₆ is _________.

1.	an alkane
2.	an alkene
3.	an alkyne
4.	acyclic

Answer: 3

Question 5

Question: The double bond between the two carbon atoms in the C₂H₄ molecule indicates

1.	Two pairs of mobile electrons
2.	Two pairs of shared electrons
3.	Two pairs of unpaired electrons
4.	Two pairs of lone electrons

Answer: 2

Question 6

Question: Alkenes and alkynes are _________.

1.	saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons
2.	unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons
3.	unsaturated aromatic hydrocarbons
4.	cyclic hydrocarbons

Answer: 2

Question 7

Question: Which of the following compounds have a ring-carbon chain structure?

1.	Ethane
2.	Ethene
3.	Ethyne
4.	Benzene

Answer: 4

Question 8

Question: The structural formula of 2-butene is _________.

1.	CH₃ - CH = C = CH₂
2.
3.	CH₃ = CH - CH₂ - CH₃
4.	CH₃ - CH = CH - CH₃

Answer: 4

Question 9

Question: IUPAC name of

is _________.

1.	propanol
2.	butanol
3.	2-butanol
4.	isobutanol

Answer: 3

Question 10

Question: Maximum number of bonds between two atoms of a covalent bond can be

1.	Four
2.	Two
3.	Three
4.	One

Answer: 3

Question 11

Question: The correct formula of ethanol is ________.

1.	C₂H₆OH
2.	C₂H₅OH
3.	CH₃OH
4.	CH₃CH₂CH₂OH

Answer: 2

Question 12

Question: The functional group of ketones is _______________.

1.	COOH
2.	CH=O
3.	>C=O
4.	O

Answer: 3

Question 13

Question: The IUPAC name of simplest alcohol is _____.

1.	methanol
2.	ethanol
3.	ethyl alcohol
4.	methyl alcohol

Answer: 1

Question 14

Question: In ethane (C₂H₆) each carbon atom is bonded to

1.	Six atoms
2.	Three atoms
3.	Two atoms
4.	Four atoms

Answer: 2

Question 15

Question: Which of the following does not contain carbonyl group?

1.	Ethanal
2.	Ethanol
3.	Methanal
4.	Propanone

Answer: 2

Question 16

Question: The term 'Isomerism' applies to organic compounds with same

1.	molecular formula but different structural formulae.
2.	molecular formula but different empirical formulae.
3.	empirical formula but different molecular formulae.
4.	structural formulae but different molecular formula.

Answer: 2

Question 17

Question: A hydrocarbon compound burns with a non-luminous flame. Which hydrocarbon type does it indicate?

1.	Alicyclic hydrocarbon
2.	Aromatic hydrocarbon
3.	Unsaturated hydrocarbon
4.	Acyclic hydrocarbon.

Answer: 2

Question 18

Question: The chlorination of methane, is an example of _________.

1.	addition reaction
2.	reduction reaction
3.	elimination reaction
4.	substitution chain reaction

Answer: 4

Question 19

Question: Organic compounds are generally soluble in

1.	Polar solvents
2.	Protic solvents
3.	Immiscible solvents
4.	Non-polar solvents

Answer: 4

Question 20

Question: On heating ethyl alcohol with alumina at 350^oC we get _________.

1.	ethene
2.	diethyl ether
3.	acetaldehyde
4.	ethane

Answer: 1

Carbon and its compounds class 10 notes Definition

Hydrogen - Pure hydrogen-oxygen flames emit ... it is the carbon-hydrogen bond which gives this class of compounds most of its particular chemical characteristics, carbon ... often as a by-product of .....

Compounds of carbon - Carbides are binary compounds of carbon with an element that is less electronegative than it. ... As with any other ionic compound, this complex ion could in principle pair with a .....

Organic compound - An organic compound is any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. For historical reasons discussed below, a few types of compounds such as carbonates, simple oxides of carbon and cyanides, as well as the allotropes of carbon, are considered inorganic...

"Carbon and its compounds class 10 notes" Videos

CBSE Chemistry 10th Class Carbon Compounds- Chemical properties of ca.. CBSE Chemistry 10th Class Carbon Compounds- Chemical properties of carbon compounds

What is the molecular formula of a compound of empirical formula CH an.. www.hi10spro.comp presents videos to help his students that have missed class or want more complete notes. Here are the notes from ch 8 covalent bonds, electron dot, structural formulas, and coordinate covalent bonds.

Carbon and its compounds class 10 notes Questions & Answers

Question : What are organic and inorganic compounds?(separate definition) Thanks a lot!

Answer : An organic compound is any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. For historical reasons a few types of compounds such as carbonates, simple oxides of carbon and cyanides, as well as the allotropes of carbon, are considered inorganic. The division between 'organic' and 'inorganic' carbon compounds while 'useful in organizing the vast subject of chemistry...is somewhat arbitrary. Any substance in which two or more chemical elements other than carbon are combined, nearly always in definite proportions, as well as some compounds containing carbon but lacking carbon-carbon bonds (e.g., carbonates, cyanides). Inorganic compounds may be classified by the elements or groups they contain (e.g., oxides, sulfates).

Question : Like: KCl - Salt Replacement NaCl - Table Salt Help!!

Answer : NaHCO3 sodium bicarbonate (or sodium hydrogen carbonate) is baking soda. NaClO sodium hypochlorite is bleach MgSO4, magnesium sulfate, is Epsom salt in its heptahydrate form Ammonia, a household cleaning product, is NH4OH when dissolved in water. SnF2, Tin (II) fluoride (or stannous fluoride) is found in toothpaste NaOH, sodium hydroxide (lye) is in drain cleaner Zinc oxide, ZnO, is an ingredient in calamine lotion Iron (III) oxide, Fe2O3, is another ingredient in calamine lotion Mg(OH)2, magnesium hydroxide, is an ingredient in antacids as well as deodorant. Note: I would avoid using acids because acids like acetic acid are not fully ionic compounds; they are molecules that don't fully dissociate in water.

Question : (6.022x10^23) x .0047 Its for chemistry to find the number of atoms in .0047 moles of carbon......i think this is right because i took 57mg of carbon divided it by 1000 to get .057g of carbon then divided it by 12.01 which is the amount of carbon in 1 mole of carbon and then im multiplying that by 6.022x10^23 atoms which is the number of atoms in 1 mole of any element

Answer : (6.022x10^23) x .0047= 2.83034x10^21

Carbon and its compounds class 10 notes Definition

Carbon and its compounds class 10 notes Definition

"Carbon and its compounds class 10 notes" Videos

Carbon and its compounds class 10 notes Questions & Answers

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